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mp26101 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz, 1- or 2- cell 4.1v/cell switching li-ion battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 1 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. the future of analog ic technology description the mp26101 is a monolithic switching charger for 1- or 2-cell li-ion battery packs. it has a built-in internal power mosfet, and can output up to 2a of charge current with current mode control for fast loop response and easy compensation. the charge current can be programmed through an accurate sense resistor. mp26101 regulates the charge current and charge voltage using two control loops to realize high-accuracy for both constant-current charge and constant-voltage charge. fault condition protection includes cycle-by-cycle current limiting and thermal shutdown. other safety features include battery temperature monitoring, a charge status indicator, and a programmable timer to halt the charging cycle. the mp26101 requires a minimal number of readily-available external components. the mp26101 is available in 4mm4mm 16-pin qfn package. features ? charges 1- or 2-cell li-ion battery packs ? 4.1v/cell charge full voltage ? 3.9v/cell auto-recharge threshold ? wide 5v to 24v operating input range ? up to 2a programmable charging current ? 0.75% v batt accuracy ? 0.2 ? internal power mosfet ? up to 90% efficiency ? fixed 1.1mhz frequency ? preconditioning for fully-depleted batteries ? charging status indicator ? input supply and battery fault indicator ? thermal shutdown ? cycle-by-cycle over-current protection ? battery temperature monitor and protection applications ? distributed power systems ? chargers for 1-cell or 2-cell li-ion batteries ? smartphones ? portable dvd player for mps green status, please visit mps website under quality assurance. ?mps? and ?the future of analog ic technology? are registered trademarks of monolithic power systems, inc. typical application
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 2 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. ordering information part number* package top marking MP26101NR qfn16 (44mm) m26101 * for tape & reel, add suffix-z (e.g. MP26101NR-z); for rohs compliant packaging, add suffix-lf (e.g. MP26101NR-lf-z) package reference top view pin 1 id ntc acok chgok vref33 gnd csp batt compi 1 2 3 4 13 14 15 16 8 7 6 5 12 11 10 9 exposed pad on backside vref25 en cells compv vin sw bst tmr absolute maxi mum ratings (1) supply voltage v in ....................................... 26v v sw ..................................... -0.3v to (v in + 0.3v) v bst ...................................................... v sw + 6v v csp , v batt, ................................... -0.3v to +18v all other pins .................................. -0.3v to +6v continuous power dissipation (t a = 25c) (2) ............................................................. 2.7w junction temperature ............................... 150c lead temperature .................................... 260c storage temperature ............... -65c to +150c recommended operating conditions (3) supply voltage v in .............................. 5v to 24v maximum junction temp. (t j ) ................ 125c thermal resistance (4) ja jc qfn16 (44mm) .................... 46 ....... 10 ... c/w notes: 1) exceeding these ratings may damage the device. 2) the maximum allowable power dissipation is a function of the maximum junction temperature t j (max), the junction-to- ambient thermal resistance ja , and the ambient temperature t a . the maximum allowable continuous power dissipation at any ambient temperature is calculated by p d (max)=(t j (max)- t a )/ ja . exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will cause excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. internal thermal shutdown circuitry protects the device from permanent damage. 3) the device is not guaranteed to function outside of its operating conditions. 4) measured on jesd51-7 4-layer board.
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 3 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. electrical characteristics v in = 19v, t a = 25c, cells=0v, unless otherwise noted. parameters symbol condition min typ max units terminal battery voltage v batt cells=0v 4.069 4.1 4.131 v cells= vref33 8.139 8.2 8.262 csp batt current i csp ,i batt charging disabled 1 a switch on resistance r ds ( on ) 0.2 ? switch leakage en = 4v, v sw = 0v 0 1 a peak current limit cc mode (5) 3.8 a trickle mode 1.75 a cc current i cc rs1= 100m ? 1.8 2.0 2.2 a trickle charge current i trickle 10% i cc trickle charge voltage threshold cells=0v 2.87 v cells=3.3v 5.74 v trickle charge hysteresis 350 mv/cell termination current threshold i bf 5% 10% 15% i cc oscillator frequency f sw cells=0v, v batt =3.5v 1.1 mhz fold-back frequency v batt =0v 350 khz maximum duty cycle 87 % maximum current sense voltage (csp to batt) v sense 170 200 230 mv minimum on time (5) t on 100 ns under voltage lockout threshold rising 3 3.2 3.4 v under voltage lockout threshold hysteresis 200 1000 mv open-drain sink current ( acok ), ( chgok ) v drain =0.3v 5 ma dead-battery indicator in trickle mode c tmr =0.1 f 30 min termination delay time after i bf reached c tmr =0.1 f 1 min recharge threshold at v batt v rechg 3.9 v/cell recharge hysteresis 100 mv/cell ntc low temp rising threshold r ntc =ncp18xh103 (0c) 70.5 73.5 76.5 %of vref33 recovery hysteresis 3 ntc high temp falling threshold r ntc =ncp18xh103 (50c) 27.5 29.5 31.5 %of vref33 recovery hysteresis 2 vin min head-room (reverse blocking) vin - v batt 180 mv
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 4 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. electrical characteristics (continued) v in = 19v, t a = 25c, cells=0v, unless otherwise noted. parameters symbol condition min typ max units supply current (shutdown) en =4v 0.16 ma en =4v, consider vref33 pin output current. r 3 =10k, r ntc =10k 0.32 ma supply current (quiescent) en =0v, cells=0v 2.0 ma en input low voltage 0.4 v en input high voltage 1.8 v en input current en =4v 4 a en =0v 0.2 thermal shutdown 150 c vref25 output voltage 2.5 v vref33 output voltage 3.3 v vref33 load regulation i load =0 to 10ma 30 mv notes: 5) guaranteed by design.
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 5 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. pin functions pin # name description 1 ntc thermistor input. connect a resistor from th is pin to the pin vref33 and the thermistor from this pin to ground. 2 acok valid input supply indicator. a logic low indicates the presence of a valid input supply. 3 chgok charging completion indicator. a logic low indicates charging operation. the pin will become an open drain once charging has completed or suspended. 4 vref33 internal linear regulator 3.3v refe rence output. bypass to gnd with a 1 f ceramic capacitor. 5 vref25 internal linear regulator 2.5v re ference output. please keep this pin floating 6 en on/off control input. 7 cells command input. sets the number of li-ion cells. connect this pin to vref33 for 2-cell operation or ground the pin for 1-cell operat ion. do not leave this pin floating. 8 compv v-loop compensation. connect this pin to gnd with a capacitor and a resistor. 9 compi i-loop compensation. connect this pin to gnd with a capacitor and a resistor. 10 batt positive battery terminal. 11 csp battery current sense positive input. connect a resistor rs1 between csp and batt. the full charge current is: ?? ?? m ? rs1 200mv a i chg ? . 12 gnd, exposed pad ground. this pin is the voltage reference for the regulated output voltage, and requires special layout considerations. this node s hould be placed outside of the switching diode (d2) to the input ground path to prevent swit ching current spikes from inducing voltage noise. connect exposed pad to ground plane for optional thermal performance. 13 tmr set time constant. 0.1 a current charges and discha rges the external cap. 14 bst bootstrap. use a capacitor c onnected between bst and sw to drive the power switch?s gate above the supply voltage.. 15 sw switch output. 16 vin supply voltage. the mp26101 operates from a 5v to 24v unregulated input to charge a 1- or 2-cell li-ion battery. requires a capacitor to prevent large voltage spikes from appearing at the input.
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 6 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. typical performanc e characteristics v in =19v, c1=4.7 f, c2=22 f, l=4.7 h, rs1=100m ? , real battery load, t a =25c, unless otherwise noted. 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 battery voltage(v) battery voltage(v) battery current(a) battery current(a) charge current(a) charge current(a) 1-cell battery charge curve 2-cell battery charge curve times(min) times(min) battery voltage(v) battery voltage(v) v batt i batt 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 batt float voltage vs. v in v in (v) v in (v) v in (v) i chg (a) i chg (a) v batt (v) efficiency vs. i chg 2-cell, v batt =8.2v, cc load efficiency vs. v in 2-cell, v batt =7.4v, cc load efficiency vs. i chg 1-cell, v batt =4.1v, cc load ntc control window 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 81216202428 vntc(v) 12345 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8 8.4 8.2 7.0 0 50 100 150 200 0246810 1-cell charge current vs. battery voltage 2-cell charge current vs. battery voltage low temp off high temp off high temp on low temp on 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 v in =12v v in =19v v in =24v v in =12v v in =24v v in =19v 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 510152025 80 83 86 89 92 95 510152025 1cell battery v in =19v v in =24v v in =12v v in =19 v v in =24v v in =12v 3.75 3.8 3.85 3.9 3.95 4 4.05 4.1 4.15 0102030405060 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 v batt i batt
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 7 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. typical performanc e characteristics (continued) v in =19v, c1=4.7 f, c2=22 f, l=4.7 h, rs1=100m ? , real battery load, t a =25c, unless otherwise noted. power on waveform v in 10v/div v batt 2v/div v sw 10v/div i batt 200ma/div v in 10v/div v batt 2v/div v sw 10v/div i batt 2a/div v in 10v/div v batt 2v/div v sw 10v/div i batt 500ma/div v batt 2v/div v sw 10v/div v in 10v/div i batt 2a/div v batt 2v/div v batt 2v/div v sw 10v/div v in 10v/div v en 5v/div i batt 1a/div v sw 10v/div i batt 1a/div v batt 2v/div v en 5v/div v sw 10v/div i batt 1a/div v batt 2v/div v ntc 2v/div v sw 10v/div i batt 2a/div 2us/div 40ms/div 2s/div 1ms/div 1ms/div 4ms/div 1ms/div steady state waveform steady state waveform steady state waveform 1us/div trickle change 1-cell, v batt =2.5v, cv load 1-cell, i chg =2a,v batt =4v power off waveform 1-cell, i chg =2a,v batt =4v en on waveform 1-cell, i chg =2a,v batt =4v en off waveform 1-cell, i chg =2a,v batt =4v ntc control 1-cell, v batt =3.8v, cv load time out 1-cell, v batt =3.8v, cv load, c tmr =1nf cc change 1-cell, v batt =3.8v, cv load cv change 1-cell, v batt =4.1v, cv load 1us/div v batt 2v/div v in 10v/div v tmr 500mv/div i batt 2a/div
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 8 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. functional block diagram figure 1?functional block diagram
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 9 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. operation the mp26101 is a peak-current?mode controlled switching charger for 1- or 2-cell li-ion batteries. figure 1 shows the block diagram. at the beginning of a cycle, m1 is off. the comp voltage is higher than the output of the current sense amplifier (a1) and the pwm comparator?s output is low. the rising edge of the 1.1mhz clk signal sets the rs flip-flop. its output turns on m1 to connect the sw pin and inductor to the input supply. a1 senses and amplifies the inductor current: the pwm comparator then compares the sum of this signal and the ramp compensator signal against the comp signal. when the sum of the a1 output and the ramp compensator exceeds the comp voltage, the rs flip-flop reset and turns m1 off. the external switching diode (d2) then conducts the inductor current. if the sum of the a1 output and the ramp compensator does not exceed the comp voltage, then the falling edge of the clk resets the flip-flop. the mp26101 has two linear regulators, vref33 and vref25, that power the internal circuit. the 3.3v reference can power external circuitry as long as the current does not exceed 50ma. add a 1 f bypass capacitor from vref33 to gnd to ensure stability. by comparison, the 2.5v reference regulator can not carry any significant load,. for most applications, leave vref25 floating without a bypass capacitor. otherwise, connect a capacitor with a value less than 100pf. charge cycle (mode change: trickle ? constant current ? constant voltage) the mp26101 senses battery current through the amplified voltage drop across rs1 (figure 1). the charging starts in trickle-charge mode (10% of the rs1-programmed current i cc ) until the battery voltage reaches 2.87v/cell. if the charge stays in trickle-charging mode until the trickle-charge time limit, the device shuts down. otherwise, the mp26101 operates in constant-current (cc) mode and regulates the output current to a level set by rs1. the compi voltage (regulated by the amplifier gmi) determines the switching duty cycle . when the battery voltage reaches the constant voltage (cv) mode threshold, the amplifier gmv regulates the compv pin and the duty cycle. automatic recharge the charger will cease charging and the chgok pin becomes an open drain output if the battery charging current drops below the termination threshold for more than one minute. if the battery voltage drops to 3.9v/cell, the mp26101 automatically begins recharging the battery. charger status indication mp26101 has two open-drain status outputs, chgok and acok . the acok pin pulls low when an input voltage is 300mv over the battery voltage and over the under voltage lockout threshold. chgok indicates the status of the charge cycle. table 1 describes the status of the charge cycle based on the chgok and acok outputs. table 1 D charging status indication acok chgok charger status low low in charging low high end of charge high high vin < uvlo, thermal shutdown, timer out, en disable timer operation mp26101 uses an internal timer to terminate charging. an external capacitor programs timer duration at the tmr pin. the trickle mode charge time is: tmr tickle _ tmr c t30mins 0.1 f ?? ? the total charge time is: tmr total _ tmr c t 3hours 0.1 f ?? ?
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 10 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. negative thermal coefficient (ntc) thermistor the mp26101 has a built-in ntc resistance window comparator that allows mp26101 to measure the temperature through a thermistor in the battery pack that ensures that the battery operates under recommended conditions. connect an appropriate resistor from vref33 to the ntc pin, and connect the thermistor from the ntc pin to gnd. the voltage on the ntc pin is determined by the temperature-sensitive resistor divider. when the ntc voltage falls out of ntc window range, mp26101 will stop the charging. the charger will restart if the temperature goes back into ntc window range. figure 2?li-ion battery charge profile
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 11 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. por charge mode? v batt >v batt_tc v batt >v batt_full i chg v batt +0.3v? no yes yes cells= vref33 cells= 0v v batt >v batt_full v batt mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 12 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. charge mode? v batt >v batt_tc v batt >v batt_full i chg v batt_full v batt =150 o c? tj<=130 o c? charge current thermal shutdown fault protection yes charger recovery, return to normal operation yes no yes no yes no charge termination, acok& chgok high yes ntc fault? no timer out ? no figure 4? fault protection flow chart
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 13 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. application information setting the charge current the sense resistor rs1 sets the charge current as per the following equation: ) rs1(m 200mv (a) i chg ? ? (1) table2?i chg setting i chg (a) rs(m ? ) 2 100 1.5 133 1 200 0.8 250 0.5 400 selecting the inductor select an inductor with a typical value between 1h and 10h using the following equation. out in out in l osc v(vv) l vif ?? ? ?? ? (2) where i l is the inductor ripple current. v out is the battery voltage. choose an inductor current equal to approximately 30% of the maximum charge current, 2a. the maximum inductor peak current is: l l(max) load i ii 2 ? ?? (3) under light load conditions below 100ma, use a larger inductance to improve efficiency. for most applications, chose an inductor with a dc resistance less than 200m ? . ntc function as figure 5 shows, the low temperature threshold and high temperature threshold are preset internally through a resistive divider set at 73.5%vref33 and 29.5%vref33. for a given ntc thermistor, we can select an appropriate r3 and an appropriate r6 to set the ntc window. for example, using the ncp18xh103 thermistor, at 0c, r ntc_cold = 27.445k; at 50c, r ntc_hot = 4.1601k. assuming that the ntc window is between 0c and 50c, and given the following equations: ntc _ cold th _ low ntc _ cold r6 //r v 73.5% r3 r6 // r vref33 ?? ? (4) th _ high ntc _ hot ntc _ hot v r6 //r 29.5% r3 r6 // r vref33 ?? ? (5) r3 = 9.63k and r6 = 505k. simplifying, select r3=10k and leave r6 open to satisfy the specifications. ntc vref33 low temp threshold high temp threshold r ntc r3 r6 v th_low v th_high figure 5? ntc function block selecting the input capacitor the input capacitor reduces the surge current drawn from the input and the switching noise from the device. choose an input capacitor with a switching frequency impedance less than the input source impedance to prevent high-frequency switching current from flowing to the input. use ceramic capacitors with x5r or x7r dielectrics with low esr and small temperature coefficients. for most applications, use a 4.7f capacitor. selecting the output capacitor the output capacitor limits the output voltage ripple and ensures regulator loop stability. the output capacitor impedance should be low at the switching frequency. use ceramic capacitors with x5r or x7r dielectrics. pc board layout route the high frequency and high current paths (gnd, in and sw) to the device using short, direct, and wide traces. place the input capacitor
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 14 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. as close as possible to the vin and gnd pins. place the external feedback resistors next to the fb pin. keep the switching node sw short and away from the feedback network. usb input application use the typical application circuit in figure 6 for usb charging. use one pmos instead of the block diode d1 to limit the voltage drop, and to realize smaller minimum input charging to a single-cell battery. the charge current is set to be 1a to satisfy turbo usb or 5v in wall-adapter requirements and to realize fast charging. figure 7 is the typical charging curve. the charge current cannot remain constant at the setting value during the operation at the constant current charging mode: it drops at the device?s maximum duty. use a lower charge current to extend the constant current charge duration. this feature makes the mp26101 suitable for usb charging.
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 15 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. figure 6? typical application circuit for usb input battery charge curve @ usb in 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 vbat constant current cv charge cc charge ibat time (minutes) 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 battery current (a) battery voltage(v) maximum duty operation figure 7? battery charge curve @ usb in
mp26101 ? 2a, 24v input, 1.1mhz 1- or 2- cell switching li-i on battery charger notice: the information in this document is subject to change wi thout notice. users should warrant and guarantee that third party intellectual property rights are not infringed upon when integrating mps products into any application. mps will not assume any legal responsibility for any said applications. mp26101 rev. 1.0 www.monolithicpower.com 16 9/7/2011 mps proprietary information. patent protec ted. unauthorized photocopy and duplication prohibited. ? 2011 mps. all rights reserved. package information qfn16 (4 x 4mm)

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